:root{
  --ink:#171320; --ink-2:#221a30; --ink-line:#332a45;
  --paper:#f3f1ea; --paper-2:#e8e3d6; --paper-line:#d8d2c2;
  --vermilion:#d8401f; --vermilion-dim:#b8351a; --gold:#cf9a3a;
  --on-ink:#efe9dd; --on-ink-soft:#b6acc2; --on-paper:#211b2b; --on-paper-soft:#5d5568;
  --radius:14px; --maxw:1080px;
  --display:"Space Grotesk", system-ui, sans-serif;
  --body:"Poppins", system-ui, sans-serif;
  --urdu:"Noto Nastaliq Urdu", serif;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{margin:0;font-family:var(--body);color:var(--on-paper);background:var(--paper);line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;}
h1,h2,h3,h4{font-family:var(--display);line-height:1.15;margin:0;font-weight:700;}
a{color:inherit;}
img{max-width:100%;}
.wrap{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 22px;}
.ur{font-family:var(--urdu);}

/* header */
header.site{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink-line);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30;}
.nav{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;padding:14px 0;}
.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;font-size:1.02rem;letter-spacing:-.01em;text-decoration:none;color:var(--on-ink);}
.brand .mark{width:32px;height:32px;border-radius:9px;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--vermilion);color:#fff;font-family:var(--urdu);font-size:1rem;line-height:1;box-shadow:0 3px 0 var(--vermilion-dim);}
.brand small{display:block;font-family:var(--body);font-weight:400;font-size:.64rem;color:var(--on-ink-soft);letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;}
.nav-links{display:flex;gap:18px;align-items:center;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--on-ink-soft);flex-wrap:wrap;}
.nav-links a{text-decoration:none;transition:color .15s;}
.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a[aria-current="page"]{color:var(--on-ink);}
.nav-toggle{display:none;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--ink-line);color:var(--on-ink);border-radius:8px;padding:6px 10px;cursor:pointer;}
@media(max-width:860px){
  .nav-toggle{display:inline-block;}
  .nav-links{display:none;width:100%;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:4px;padding:10px 0 4px;}
  .nav-links.open{display:flex;}
  .nav-links a{padding:8px 0;}
}

/* eyebrow */
.eyebrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--vermilion);margin-bottom:14px;font-family:var(--body);}
.eyebrow::before{content:"";width:24px;height:1px;background:currentColor;display:inline-block;}

/* hero */
.hero{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);padding:44px 0 60px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
.hero::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.5;pointer-events:none;background:radial-gradient(60% 50% at 82% 0%, rgba(216,64,31,.20), transparent 70%),radial-gradient(50% 60% at 0% 100%, rgba(207,154,58,.13), transparent 70%);}
.hero .wrap{position:relative;}
.hero .eyebrow{color:var(--gold);}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,4.4vw,3rem);letter-spacing:-.02em;max-width:18ch;}
.hero h1 .ur{color:var(--gold);}
.hero p.lead{color:var(--on-ink-soft);font-size:1.05rem;max-width:56ch;margin:16px 0 0;}
.hero-stats{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px;margin-top:26px;}
.hero-stats div{font-size:.84rem;color:var(--on-ink-soft);}
.hero-stats b{display:block;font-family:var(--display);font-size:1.3rem;color:var(--on-ink);font-weight:600;}

/* breadcrumb */
.crumb{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--on-ink-soft);margin-bottom:14px;}
.crumb a{text-decoration:none;color:var(--gold);}
.crumb span{margin:0 7px;opacity:.5;}

/* converter */
.composer{margin-top:-34px;position:relative;z-index:5;}
.composer-card{background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:18px;box-shadow:0 30px 60px -28px rgba(10,6,18,.55);overflow:hidden;}
.composer-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:16px 20px;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--paper-line);background:var(--paper-2);}
.dir{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:.94rem;}
.dir .pane-name{padding:5px 12px;border-radius:8px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);}
.swap{border:0;background:var(--vermilion);color:#fff;width:34px;height:34px;border-radius:9px;cursor:pointer;font-size:1.05rem;display:grid;place-items:center;box-shadow:0 3px 0 var(--vermilion-dim);transition:transform .25s;}
.swap:hover{transform:rotate(180deg);}
.composer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}
@media(max-width:760px){.composer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.pane{padding:18px 20px;}
.pane + .pane{border-left:1px dashed var(--paper-line);}
@media(max-width:760px){.pane + .pane{border-left:0;border-top:1px dashed var(--paper-line);}}
.pane label{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;font-size:.7rem;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin-bottom:9px;}
.pane textarea{width:100%;min-height:180px;resize:vertical;border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:12px;padding:14px;font-family:var(--body);font-size:1rem;color:var(--on-paper);background:#fff;line-height:1.9;outline:none;transition:border-color .15s,box-shadow .15s;}
.pane textarea:focus{border-color:var(--vermilion);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(216,64,31,.14);}
textarea.urdu-text{font-family:var(--urdu);font-size:1.3rem;line-height:2.5;direction:rtl;text-align:right;}
textarea.inpage-text{font-family:"Courier New",monospace;font-size:.95rem;line-height:1.7;color:#3a3346;}
.pane .hint{font-size:.74rem;color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin-top:8px;}
.actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:11px;}
.btn{border:1px solid var(--paper-line);background:#fff;color:var(--on-paper);font-family:var(--body);font-weight:500;font-size:.83rem;padding:8px 13px;border-radius:9px;cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;transition:.15s;text-decoration:none;}
.btn:hover{border-color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.btn.primary{background:var(--vermilion);border-color:var(--vermilion);color:#fff;font-weight:600;box-shadow:0 3px 0 var(--vermilion-dim);}
.btn.primary:hover{background:var(--vermilion-dim);}
.btn.lg{padding:12px 22px;font-size:.95rem;}
.composer-foot{padding:13px 20px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink-soft);font-size:.8rem;display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:flex-start;}
.composer-foot b{color:var(--on-ink);}

/* sections */
section.band{padding:60px 0;}
section.ink{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);}
section.ink h2,section.ink h3{color:var(--on-ink);}
section.ink .eyebrow{color:var(--gold);}
.sec-head{max-width:62ch;margin-bottom:34px;}
.sec-head h2{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3vw,2.15rem);letter-spacing:-.015em;}
.sec-head p{color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin:12px 0 0;font-size:1.01rem;}
section.ink .sec-head p{color:var(--on-ink-soft);}

.cols{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;}
@media(max-width:820px){.cols{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.cols.two{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);}
@media(max-width:820px){.cols.two{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.feature{background:var(--paper-2);border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:22px;}
section.ink .feature{background:var(--ink-2);border-color:var(--ink-line);}
.feature .ic{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:10px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--gold);display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--urdu);font-size:1.2rem;margin-bottom:14px;}
section.ink .feature .ic{background:var(--vermilion);color:#fff;font-family:var(--display);}
.feature h3{font-size:1.04rem;margin-bottom:7px;}
.feature p{margin:0;font-size:.91rem;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
section.ink .feature p{color:var(--on-ink-soft);}

.steps{counter-reset:s;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:18px;}
@media(max-width:820px){.steps{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}}
@media(max-width:520px){.steps{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.step{padding-top:16px;}
.step::before{counter-increment:s;content:"0" counter(s);font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;font-size:1.5rem;color:var(--vermilion);display:block;margin-bottom:6px;}
section.ink .step::before{color:var(--gold);}
.step h3{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:5px;}
.step p{margin:0;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--on-ink-soft);}
section:not(.ink) .step p{color:var(--on-paper-soft);}

/* prose / article */
.prose{max-width:72ch;}
.prose h2{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.6vw,2rem);margin:34px 0 14px;letter-spacing:-.015em;}
.prose h2:first-child{margin-top:0;}
.prose h3{font-size:1.2rem;margin:28px 0 8px;}
.prose p{margin:0 0 16px;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 16px;padding-left:20px;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.prose li{margin:7px 0;}
.prose a{color:var(--vermilion-dim);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px;}
.prose strong{color:var(--on-paper);}
.prose .ur-block{font-family:var(--urdu);direction:rtl;text-align:right;font-size:1.28rem;line-height:2.7;color:var(--on-paper);background:var(--paper-2);border-right:3px solid var(--vermilion);border-radius:10px;padding:18px 22px;margin:0 0 16px;}
.prose table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0 0 18px;font-size:.92rem;}
.prose th,.prose td{border:1px solid var(--paper-line);padding:9px 12px;text-align:left;}
.prose th{background:var(--paper-2);font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;}
.callout{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);border-radius:12px;padding:18px 20px;margin:0 0 18px;font-size:.95rem;}
.callout b{color:var(--gold);}

/* article layout */
.article-wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 280px;gap:40px;align-items:start;}
@media(max-width:900px){.article-wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.aside{position:sticky;top:80px;font-size:.9rem;}
.aside h4{font-family:var(--display);font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin:0 0 12px;}
.aside a{display:block;color:var(--on-paper);text-decoration:none;padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line);font-size:.9rem;}
.aside a:hover{color:var(--vermilion-dim);}
.byline{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin:6px 0 24px;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.byline .av{width:38px;height:38px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--ink);color:var(--gold);display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:700;}
.byline b{color:var(--on-paper);font-weight:600;}

/* cards grid (blog index / related) */
.card-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:20px;}
@media(max-width:820px){.card-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.card{background:var(--paper-2);border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:22px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--on-paper);display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;transition:.15s;}
.card:hover{border-color:var(--vermilion);transform:translateY(-2px);}
.card .tag{font-size:.68rem;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--vermilion);font-family:var(--body);}
.card h3{font-size:1.08rem;line-height:1.25;}
.card p{margin:0;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.card .read{margin-top:auto;font-size:.82rem;color:var(--vermilion-dim);font-weight:500;}

/* offline */
.offline-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.7fr 1fr;gap:30px;align-items:center;background:var(--paper-2);border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:18px;padding:34px;}
@media(max-width:760px){.offline-card{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.offline-card h2{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.6vw,2rem);letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:10px 0 12px;}
.offline-card p{color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin:0;max-width:54ch;}
.offline-card .microcopy{font-size:.82rem;margin-top:12px;color:var(--on-paper-soft);}
.offline-badge{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);border-radius:14px;padding:30px;text-align:center;display:grid;gap:8px;place-items:center;}
.offline-badge .ur{font-size:2.4rem;color:var(--gold);line-height:1.2;}
.offline-badge small{color:var(--on-ink-soft);font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;}

/* fonts preview */
.font-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:18px;}
@media(max-width:680px){.font-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
.font-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:14px;padding:20px;}
.font-card .name{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:1rem;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:6px;}
.font-card .sample{font-family:var(--urdu);direction:rtl;text-align:right;font-size:1.7rem;line-height:2.4;color:var(--on-paper);}
.font-card .meta{font-size:.82rem;color:var(--on-paper-soft);margin-top:8px;}

/* keyboard */
.kb{background:var(--ink);border-radius:16px;padding:18px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;}
.kb-row{display:flex;gap:7px;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;}
.key{min-width:40px;height:46px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--ink-line);background:var(--ink-2);color:var(--on-ink);font-family:var(--urdu);font-size:1.2rem;cursor:pointer;display:grid;place-items:center;transition:.12s;padding:0 6px;}
.key:hover{background:var(--vermilion);border-color:var(--vermilion);color:#fff;}
.key.wide{min-width:90px;font-family:var(--body);font-size:.82rem;}

/* faq */
details{background:var(--paper-2);border:1px solid var(--paper-line);border-radius:12px;margin-bottom:11px;overflow:hidden;}
section.ink details{background:var(--ink-2);border-color:var(--ink-line);}
details summary{cursor:pointer;padding:16px 18px;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:600;font-size:1rem;list-style:none;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;}
details summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none;}
details summary::after{content:"+";color:var(--vermilion);font-size:1.3rem;font-family:var(--display);}
section.ink details summary::after{color:var(--gold);}
details[open] summary::after{content:"\2013";}
details .ans{padding:0 18px 16px;color:var(--on-paper-soft);font-size:.95rem;}
section.ink details .ans{color:var(--on-ink-soft);}

/* footer */
footer.site{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink-soft);padding:48px 0 26px;border-top:1px solid var(--ink-line);}
.foot-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:28px;}
@media(max-width:760px){.foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}}
@media(max-width:480px){.foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}
footer.site h4{font-family:var(--display);color:var(--on-ink);font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 14px;}
footer.site a{display:block;color:var(--on-ink-soft);text-decoration:none;font-size:.89rem;padding:4px 0;}
footer.site a:hover{color:var(--on-ink);}
.disclaimer{font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.7;max-width:60ch;}
.foot-bottom{margin-top:32px;padding-top:18px;border-top:1px solid var(--ink-line);font-size:.8rem;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;justify-content:space-between;}

.toast{position:fixed;left:50%;bottom:26px;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(20px);background:var(--ink);color:#fff;padding:11px 20px;border-radius:999px;font-size:.86rem;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:.25s;z-index:50;box-shadow:0 10px 30px -10px rgba(0,0,0,.6);}
.toast.show{opacity:1;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0);}

:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--vermilion);outline-offset:2px;}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{transition:none!important;scroll-behavior:auto!important;}}